What are the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for genital herpes?

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Genital herpes is a common STD (sexually transmitted disease) caused by the herpes simplex virus. HSV 2 is the primary culprit, but HSV 1 can spread by oral sex route. An affected person presents with prodromal symptoms of fever, malaise, and headache followed by a burning sensation over genital mucosa and multiple tiny erythematous grouped vesicles. The symptoms may last for a week, and the chances of recurrence will always be there whenever immunity goes down or after stressful events. Diagnosis is mainly clinical but can do zeimsa staining. A swab is collected to show multi-nucleated giant cells under microscopy. Since it is an STD, the disease can also transfer through autoinoculation. For prevention, avoid sex during the active phase of the disease. The viral shedding will be more in the active phase. Barrier contraception or abstinence from sex during this active period may help. The primary episode of genital herpes can be treated with oral Acyclovir 400 mg thrice daily for seven days, followed by the use of 5% Acyclovir ointment twice daily for seven days. Consult a specialist doctor and take these medications with their consent. Recurrent episodes require the same treatment for five days. In case of frequent episodes, suppression therapy is not needed.

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