How can one prevent the recurrence of urothelial cancer?

Question

Hi doctor,

I was diagnosed with non-muscle invasive urothelial cancer six months ago and underwent transurethral resection (TURBT), followed by intravesical BCG (bacillus calmette-guerin) therapy. My follow-up cystoscopy last month showed no visible cancer, which was a huge relief, but I am still very anxious about recurrence.

What are the chances of this cancer returning even after a successful initial treatment?
Are there any early warning signs I should watch for?
My doctor mentioned that lifestyle changes might help lower my risk—what specific steps should I take to prevent recurrence?
Also, I have read that genetic factors can play a role in urothelial cancer—should I consider additional genetic testing to assess my long-term risk?

Please help.

Thank you.

Answer 1

Hi,

Welcome to icliniq.com.

I have gone through your query and understand your concern.

Recurrence risk:

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a significant risk of recurrence, even after successful initial treatment.
Recurrence rates: Studies suggest that the recurrence rate for NMIBC is around 50 to 70% within 5 years of initial treatment.
Progression risk: Approximately 10 to 20% of patients with NMIBC may experience progression to muscle-invasive disease.

Early warning signs:

It is essential to monitor for potential early warning signs of recurrence:
1. Hematuria: Blood in the urine, either visible or microscopic.
2. Urinary frequency or urgency: Changes in urination patterns.
3. Painful urination: Discomfort or burning sensation while urinating.
  
  Lifestyle changes to lower risk:
  
  To reduce the risk of recurrence:
  1. Do not smoke: Smoking is a significant risk factor for urothelial cancer.
  2. Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of recurrence.
  3. Exercise regularly: Engage in physical activity, such as walking or swimming, for at least 30 minutes a day.
  4. Eat a balanced diet: Focus on whole, nutrient-dense foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
  5. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help flush out toxins.
    
    I hope I have answered your question.
    
    Let me know if I can assist you further.
    
    Thank you.