What are the treatment options for mild dysplasia?

Question

Hi doctor,

My mother, aged 63 years, has been diagnosed with mild dysplasia. A biopsy was conducted in six months before, but we have not pursued any treatment so far due to other circumstances.

Could you kindly advise whether surgery is necessary, or if there are alternative treatment options such as medication or other non-invasive methods to manage or cure the condition?

Please help.

Thank you.

Answer 1

Hi,

Welcome to Icliniq.com.

I understand your concerns and appreciate your effort in seeking clarity about your mother's condition.

Mild dysplasia, also referred to as Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN I), indicates the presence of abnormal cells affecting approximately one-third of the thickness of the epithelium.

There is a 40 % chance that mild dysplasia may progress to moderate or severe dysplasia. Conversely, there is also a 40 % likelihood that it may persist or even regress spontaneously.

Possible causes

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18.
Family history of breast, ovarian, endometrial, or colon cancer.
Smoking or alcohol use.

Necessary investigations

To assess the condition comprehensively, the following baseline investigations are recommended:

Complete blood count.
Blood group and Rh factor.
Complete urine examination.
Random blood sugar.
Viral markers: HBsAg, Anti-HCV, and HIV.
Liver function tests.
Renal function tests.
Chest X-ray.
Electrocardiogram (ECG).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), if deemed necessary.

Management options

It is crucial to consult with a gynecologist to explore the best management options. The following steps are recommended:

Tests and procedures:
- HPV testing.
- Colposcopy for a detailed examination of the cervix.
Definitive treatment: Given your mother's age (63 years) and the importance of preventing progression to moderate or severe dysplasia, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is suggested. This procedure involves the removal of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. Following surgery, a histopathological examination of the specimen will confirm the absence of further abnormalities. This approach significantly reduces the risk of progression and provides definitive management.

I hope this explanation addresses your query clearly.

Thank you.